The Northern Great Plains boasts some of the most intact sagebrush-steppe and grassland landscapes in North America. Over 70% of the region is in grass. It is a breeding stronghold for five of the most imperiled declining grassland birds: Sprague’s Pipit, Chestnut-collared Longspur, Thick-billed Longspur, Lark Bunting, and Baird’s Sparrow. The Northern Great Plains also plays a critical role in providing other grassland ecosystem services including carbon storage, soil stabilization, water retention, and flood control. Water is a limited resource in the Northern Great Plains; wet years and wet places are critical to supporting grassland function across the region.